现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,以现在的时间为基点,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,以过去时间为基点,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”。
区分技巧如下:
过去完成时
构成:had + done/been done
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:
Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他是我的好朋友。
i didn't know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.我对动词一无所知,因为我没有好好学习功课。
He said that he had known her well.他说,他很了解他。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before我以为前一周我寄了那封信的。
After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.马克思到英国后,他努力提高他的英语水平。
构成:have /has +done/been done
用法:
(1)当句子中有now时,经常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look,listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
Listen!She is singing an English song. 听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week,these days等时间状语,这时常用现 在进行时。如:
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。
如:Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.